Volcano

The word "volcano" comes from the name of the ancient Roman god of fire Vulcan.

Common types of eruptions are distinguished:

The Hawaiian type is the release of liquid basalt lava, lava lakes often form, and the lava flow can spread over long distances.
Strombolian type — lava is thicker and is ejected from the vent by frequent explosions. The formation of cones from ash, volcanic bombs and lapilli is typical.
The Plinian type is a powerful rare explosion capable of throwing tephra to a height of several tens of kilometers.
The Pelean type is an eruption characterized by the formation of extrusive domes and pyroclastic flows ("scorching clouds").
Gas (freotic) type — eruptions in which only volcanic gases reach the crater and solid rocks are released. Magma is not observed.
Underwater type — eruptions that occur underwater. As a rule, they are accompanied by pumice emissions.

The eruption of the Krakatoa volcano in Indonesia in 1883 caused the loudest rumble ever heard in history; the sound was heard at a distance of more than 4,800 km from the volcano. Atmospheric shock waves bypassed the Earth seven times and were still visible for 5 days. The eruption killed more than 36,000 people, destroyed 165 villages, and caused damage to another 132 (mostly through the tsunami that followed the eruption).

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